Q.6 “Besides being a moral imperative of the Welfare State, primary health structure is a necessary precondition for sustainable development.” Analyse.

Model Answer:

Introduction

Primary health structure refers to the foundational level of healthcare services that provide accessible, affordable, and essential health services to the population. It is crucial in a welfare state as it ensures equitable health access, which is fundamental for sustainable development.

Body

Importance in Welfare State and Sustainable Development:

• Reduced Out-of-Pocket Expenditure: Effective primary health care reduces the financial burden on individuals, preventing impoverishment due to medical expenses. For instance, the Ayushman Bharat scheme in India aims to reduce healthcare costs for the poor.
• Increased Productivity: Healthy individuals contribute more effectively to the economy. For example, the National Health Mission (NHM) has improved maternal and child health, leading to a healthier workforce.
• Preventive Care: Primary health services focus on prevention, reducing the incidence of diseases. Vaccination programs, like the Universal Immunization Programme (UIP), have significantly reduced mortality rates.

Role in Reducing Economic Inequalities and Social Levelling:

• Educational Continuity: Healthier children have lower school dropout rates, promoting educational attainment and long-term economic benefits. Mid-day meal schemes coupled with health check-ups in schools have shown positive impacts.
• Access to Services: Primary health centres in rural and underserved areas ensure that marginalised communities receive necessary health services, bridging the urban-rural health divide.

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Role in Disaster Management and Security:

• Pandemic Response: Robust primary health infrastructure enables quick and effective responses to health crises, as seen during the COVID-19 pandemic where primary health centres were pivotal in vaccination drives.
• Community Trust: Accessible primary health services build trust in the healthcare system, providing a sense of security and stability to the population.

Conclusion

In conclusion, a strong primary health structure is indispensable for a welfare state, ensuring equitable health access and contributing to sustainable development. Continuous efforts to enhance primary health care are essential for better health outcomes. India's initiatives, such as Ayushman Bharat, have gained global recognition, underscoring the importance of robust primary health infrastructure in achieving sustainable development goals.

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